Constipation is a common condition characterized by infrequent bowel movements or difficulty passing stool. It can occur for various reasons and can be influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, medications, and underlying medical conditions.

There are several common causes of constipation. One primary factor is a lack of dietary fiber and inadequate fluid intake. Fiber adds bulk to the stool and helps it move through the intestines more easily. Insufficient fiber intake, along with dehydration, can lead to harder and drier stools, making them more challenging to pass.

Another cause of constipation can be a sedentary lifestyle or lack of physical activity. Regular exercise helps stimulate intestinal muscles, promoting bowel movements. When physical activity is limited, the natural contractions that facilitate bowel movements may slow down, leading to constipation.

Certain medications, such as opioids, antacids with aluminum or calcium, antidepressants, and some blood pressure medications, can also contribute to constipation by affecting bowel function or reducing intestinal motility.

Additionally, some medical conditions can cause or worsen constipation. Examples include irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), hypothyroidism, diabetes, pelvic floor disorders, and structural abnormalities in the colon or rectum.

To relieve constipation, I typically recommend a combination of lifestyle modifications and dietary changes. Here are some strategies you can try:

1. Increase dietary fiber: Add more fiber-rich foods to your diet, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and nuts. Aim for 25 to 30 grams of fiber per day.
2. Stay hydrated: Drink an adequate amount of water throughout the day to prevent dehydration, as it can contribute to constipation.
3. Regular exercise: Engage in regular physical activity to stimulate intestinal motility and promote regular bowel movements.
4. Establish a routine: Try to establish a regular schedule for bowel movements by setting aside time each day for a visit to the bathroom.
5. Avoid delaying the urge: When you feel the urge to have a bowel movement, don’t ignore it. Delaying can lead to stool hardening and make it more difficult to pass.

If lifestyle modifications don’t provide sufficient relief, over-the-counter options are available. These include fiber supplements, osmotic laxatives (such as polyethylene glycol), or stool softeners. However, it’s important to consult with your healthcare provider before using any medication to ensure it’s appropriate for you.

If constipation persists despite these measures or if it is accompanied by other concerning symptoms like severe abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, unexplained weight loss, or persistent changes in bowel habits, it’s essential to seek a medical evaluation. Set an appointment with Dr.Yang to determine if there are any underlying conditions contributing to your constipation and recommendations for further investigation or prescribe specific treatments accordingly.