Colon cancer screening is a crucial preventive measure that involves checking for early signs of colon cancer or pre-cancerous polyps in the colon and rectum. Detecting and removing these abnormal growths can significantly reduce the risk of developing colon cancer or detect it at an early and more treatable stage.

Colon cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, but it is highly preventable and curable when detected early. Screening helps identify any abnormalities or warning signs before symptoms even appear, which increases the chances of successful treatment and survival.

There are several screening methods available, and the most appropriate one for you will depend on your age, medical history, and personal preferences. Here are some common colon cancer screening options:

1. Stool-based tests: These tests look for traces of blood or altered DNA in the stool samples. Examples include fecal occult blood tests (FOBT), fecal immunochemical tests (FIT), and DNA-based tests like Cologuard. These tests are non-invasive and can be done at home, but if any abnormalities are detected, further evaluation is needed.
2. Colonoscopy: This is considered the gold standard for colon cancer screening. During a colonoscopy, a flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the rectum and guided through the entire colon. This allows the doctor to examine the colon lining and detect polyps or other abnormalities. If any polyps are found, they can be removed during the procedure.
3. Flexible sigmoidoscopy: This procedure is similar to a colonoscopy but focuses on the lower part of the colon. A flexible tube is inserted through the rectum to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. While it doesn’t examine the entire colon, it can still detect polyps and cancers in the lower region.
4. CT colonography (virtual colonoscopy): This is a non-invasive imaging test that uses a CT scanner to create detailed images of the colon. It can detect polyps or cancers, but if any abnormalities are found, a follow-up colonoscopy is usually needed for removal or further evaluation.

Set an appointment with Dr.Yang to explore the various factors of each test including your age, risk factors, overall health, and personal preferences. It’s important to discuss these options with Hawaii Gastro Health to determine the best approach for you.

The frequency of screening also varies depending on the method used and your risk factors. In general, most individuals should start regular colon cancer screening at age 50, but if you have a family history of colon cancer or other risk factors, you may wish to to start earlier or test more frequently.

Colon cancer screening is vital because it can detect precancerous polyps or early-stage cancer when treatment is most effective.